ST was more effective than TAU for several PD outcomes; mode work is part of the ST model but the trial did not isolate Detached Protector.
Protocol documents mode-oriented group ST methodology; no clinical outcome claim should be inferred from the protocol itself.
Individual ST was associated with improved chronic-depression outcomes; mode-based formulation was part of the treatment model.
Describes adapting ST to chronic depression, including work with schemas and coping/mode patterns.
The short SMI showed acceptable reliability and validity; Detached Protector is one of the assessed maladaptive coping modes.
SFT+TAU produced significant symptom/functioning improvements; the treatment explicitly uses mode-oriented experiential work.
Trial focused on implementation and outcomes of ST and crisis support; mode work remained embedded in the ST model.
SFT showed stronger improvements on several BPD outcomes; findings support the broader ST treatment model rather than an isolated mode.
The BPD group showed a significantly larger increase in Detached Protector after BPD-relevant stress than both control groups.
BPD and APD were characterized by maladaptive modes including Detached Protector; abuse histories were substantially more frequent/severe than in controls.