{
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    "doi": "10.1002\/ejp.2229",
    "status": "found",
    "title": "Exercise combined with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for chronic pain: One‐year follow‐up from a randomized controlled trial",
    "authors": [
        "M. B. Casey",
        "S. Takemasa",
        "T. O'Reilly",
        "M. Leamy",
        "E. Mc Kearney",
        "M. Buckley",
        "K. M. Smart",
        "R. Segurado",
        "D. Lowry",
        "D. Flanagan",
        "H. Gopal",
        "C. Hearty",
        "C. Doody"
    ],
    "container": "European Journal of Pain",
    "year": "2024",
    "doi_url": "https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejp.2229",
    "is_open_access": true,
    "oa_status": "hybrid",
    "best_landing_page": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38348557",
    "best_pdf": "https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1002\/ejp.2229",
    "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a type of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, which has demonstrated positive outcomes in individuals with chronic pain. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of an 8-week programme combining Exercise with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ExACT) with a standalone supervised exercise programme at 1-year follow-up. METHODS: One hundred and seventy-five people with chronic pain were randomly assigned to ExACT or supervised exercise only. The primary outcome was pain interference measured with the Brief Pain Inventory-Interference Scale. Secondary and treatment process outcomes included pain severity, depression, anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain self-efficacy, fear avoidance, pain acceptance, committed action, healthcare utilization, patient satisfaction, and global impression of change. Estimates of treatment effects at 1-year follow-up were based on intention-to-treat analyses, implemented using a linear mixed-effects model. RESULTS: Eighty-three participants (47.4%) returned the outcome measures at 1-year follow-up. No significant difference was observed between the groups for the primary outcome, pain interference. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups, in favour of ExACT for pain catastrophizing. Within group improvements that were observed within both groups at earlier timepoints were maintained at 1-year follow-up for many of the secondary and treatment process outcomes. ExACT group participants reported higher levels of satisfaction with treatment and global perceived change. CONCLUSIONS: The study results showed no significant difference between the two groups for the primary outcome pain interference at 1-year follow-up. Future research could investigate factors that may predict and optimize outcomes from these types of intervention for people living with chronic pain. SIGNIFICANCE: Few previous randomized controlled trials investigating ACT for chronic pain have included long-term follow-up. This study found that Exercise combined with ACT was not superior to supervised exercise alone for reducing pain interference at 1-year follow-up. Further research is necessary to identify key processes of therapeutic change and to explore how interventions may be modified to enhance clinical outcomes for people with chronic pain.",
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            "source": "European Journal of Pain",
            "landing_page_url": "https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejp.2229",
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